金属外表喷漆，是一种维护金属不被氧化腐蚀的办法。发作在咱们周围的腐蚀现象是指各类资料在环境作用下（有化学、电化学和若干物理要素的归纳作用）发作损坏，功能降低或状况的劣化。
Metal surface painting, is a kind of maintenance metal is not oxidation corrosion method. The corrosion phenomenon around us is that all kinds of data in the environment (chemical, electrochemical and a number of physical elements of inductive effect) damage, function degradation or deterioration of the situation.
发作在咱们周围的腐蚀现象是指各类资料在环境作用下（有化学、电化学和若干物理要素的归纳作用）发作损坏，功能降低或状况的劣化。而在金属外表喷漆涂装则是一种很主要的金属防腐蚀坚持手法。杰出的喷漆涂装维护层坚持连续完整无损，联系杰出，可以变成按捺腐蚀介质侵入的屏障。但是因为腐蚀是不可逆转的自发过程，即使是优异的喷漆涂装坚持层，也难于维护金属不发作腐蚀，尤其是当金属外表喷漆涂装层联系不良，遭到损坏，或有针孔，鼓泡、龟裂、掉落等缺点，喷漆涂层的维护作用将大大降低，乃至构成金属腐蚀加剧的后果。所以对喷漆涂装金属腐蚀要素进行仔细剖析，并采取有用的对策防止是非常必要的。
The corrosion phenomenon around us is that all kinds of data in the environment (chemical, electrochemical and a number of physical elements of inductive effect) damage, function degradation or deterioration of the situation. In the metal surface spray coating is a very important metal corrosion stick. Outstanding painting maintenance layer continuously intact, with outstanding, can restrain into corrosive medium intrusion barrier. But because of the corrosion is a spontaneous process irreversible, even excellent painting stick layer is difficult to maintain the metal corrosion attack, especially when the metal surface spray coating layer with bad, damaged, or pinholes, cracks, defects, bubbling drop, spray paint maintenance effect will be greatly reduced, and the a metal corrosion consequence. Therefore, it is very necessary to analyze the corrosion factors of metal elements and take effective measures to prevent them.
喷漆涂装金属腐蚀机理
Metal corrosion mechanism of spray painting
一般讲，金属的腐蚀是多种要素一起作用的成果，而其间某种要素在腐蚀过程中起着主要的作用。金属外表喷漆构成涂装维护层，其金属发作腐蚀的区域是在涂装漆膜与金属外表的界面区域，并不断向金属基体深处侵蚀扩大。
Generally speaking, the corrosion of metals is the result of the interaction of many factors, and some elements play a major role in the process of corrosion. The metal surface spray painting forms the coating maintenance layer, and the corrosion area of the metal is in the interface area between the coating film and the metal surface, and the corrosion of the metal substrate is extended.
若金属外表喷漆涂装层可以有用地阻隔水，氧以及电子、杂散离子等的浸透，就可以大大减缓或防止发作涂装金属的腐蚀，若阻隔作用欠安，则涂装坚持层对金属的防腐抗蚀维护作用就欠好。出产实践标明，喷漆涂装维护层对水的浸透率严重影响金属喷漆涂装表层的附着力，而氧的浸透率则很大程度上影响金属的腐蚀功能。喷漆涂装金属的腐蚀方式多种多样，但根本原因，腐蚀的发作都与化学和电化学作用有着亲近的联系。
If the metal surface spray coating layer can effectively isolate the water, oxygen and electron, ion penetration stray, can greatly reduce or prevent the corrosion attack of coating metal, if the barrier effect is not good, adhere to metal coating layer corrosion corrosion maintenance is not good. The production practice shows that the penetration rate of the spray coating maintenance layer has a serious influence on the adhesion of the surface layer of the metal spray coating, and the rate of oxygen penetration affects the corrosion of the metal to a great extent. There are a variety of ways to paint the metal, but the root cause and the attack of corrosion are closely related to the chemical and electrochemical action.
喷漆涂装金属腐蚀要素剖析和防止对策
Analysis and prevention of metal corrosion factors in spray painting
    　金属原料等要素的影响
Influence of metal raw materials
喷漆涂装金属的腐蚀与金属原料自身耐蚀性有很大联系。用于以喷漆涂装的金属有钢铁资料，铝合金，铜合金或镁合金等，无疑金属原料的不一样，金属喷漆涂装的抗蚀防腐功能也不尽相同。金属资料外表状况的区别，经喷漆涂装，其涂层的防腐抗蚀维护作用有显着的不一样。比方将经喷砂净化处理的钢板材零件和天然锈蚀的同商标钢板零件进行同类喷漆涂装维护，因为锈蚀的晦气影响，天然锈蚀钢板零件较经喷砂的钢板零件其腐蚀速率高出数十倍，其抗蚀防护作用显着低于后者。金属外表所存在的缺点如搀杂、微裂、应力等和大气中水分及活性离子（Cl-、Br-等）的吸附都会不一样程度地影响乃至加快喷漆涂装金属的腐蚀。
The corrosion of the metal is very important to the corrosion resistance of the metal material. Used to paint the metal coating of steel materials, aluminum alloy, copper alloy or magnesium alloy, no doubt the metal raw material is not the same, metal spray coating of anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion function is not the same. The difference between the appearance of the metal material, through the spray coating, the coating has a significant impact on corrosion resistance and corrosion protection. For example, the purification treatment after blasting steel plate parts and natural corrosion with trademark plate parts similar painting maintenance, because the harmful effects of corrosion, corrosion of steel parts is very natural after blasting of steel parts and the corrosion rate several times higher, the corrosion protection effect significantly lower than that of the latter. The shortcomings of the metal surface such as doping, micro cracks, stress and atmospheric moisture and active ions (Cl-, Br-, etc.) will not affect the same degree of adsorption and even accelerate the corrosion of spray paint metal.
金属外表喷漆涂装前的净化脱脂，活化除锈等前处理及外表处理技术的运用都可以有用地改进喷漆涂装金属的防腐抗蚀功能。出产实践证明喷漆涂装金属防腐性的好坏与其涂装前基体前处理质量的好坏影响极大，金属（尤其是铸件）外表涂装前所进行的有用除油脱脂，除锈或选用喷砂喷丸等可以导致净化活化外表，保证涂装漆膜与基体金属杰出的联系力，对进步喷漆涂装金属的耐腐蚀功能是非常有利的。
The application of the technology such as degreasing, activation and rust removal and surface treatment can effectively improve the corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance of the metal. Production practice proves that affect the quality of processing substrates before coating metal anti-corrosion paint is good and great before painting, metal (especially casting) useful for oil removal of surface before coating, rust or use blast shot peening can lead to activation of purifying appearance, ensure the coating film and substrate metal contact force is outstanding. Very favorable to the progress of painting metal corrosion function.
钢铁资料涂装前处理工序的磷化处理是广泛地做为喷漆涂装的底层，对进步涂装层附着力和进步涂装金属的防腐抗蚀功能是无可非议的。
The phosphating treatment of the steel material processing is widely used as the bottom of the spray painting, and it is no doubt to improve the adhesion of the coating layer and improve the corrosion and corrosion resistance of the coating metal.
铝合金的磷化、化学氧化、阳极氧化处理等都可做为喷漆涂装的底层，对改进和进步涂装金属耐蚀功能无疑是优秀的。
The phosphating, chemical oxidation and anodic oxidation of aluminum alloy can be used as the bottom layer of spray painting.
总归，对金属基材杰出的外表处理技术是进步喷漆涂装金属耐腐蚀性的主要一环和可靠根底。
After all, the metal substrate is an important part of the advanced surface treatment technology to improve the corrosion resistance of metal coating and reliable foundation.
金属喷漆涂装施工技术及环境的影响
Construction technology of metal spray painting and its influence on Environment
金属外表的清洗程度严重影响涂装喷漆层的联系力，制件外表残留或吸附的水、油污及其它异物等消除不净，往往会发生针孔、结瘤、起皮或联系不良等毛病。
The appearance of the metal cleaning degree affect coating spray layer contact force, product appearance residual or adsorbed water, oil and other foreign bodies such as eliminating dirty, often occur in the pinhole, nodulation, peeling or bad contact problems.
钢铁零件磷化处理后，铝合金零件化学氧化或阳极化处理后，镁合金零件化学氧化处理后等，均要在不超越24小时内及时进行喷漆涂装，钢铁零件经喷砂、喷丸处理也必须在六小时内进行喷漆涂装。这一技术办法是实践证明的有助于进步涂装膜层与基体附着力，增强其抗蚀功能的好办法。
Steel parts after phosphating, Aluminum Alloy parts or anodized after chemical oxidation, chemical oxidation treatment of magnesium alloy parts, are not exceed 24 hours in a timely manner of painting, the iron and steel parts by sand blasting, shot peening must also be installed spray coating in six hours. This technique is proved to be a good way to improve the adhesion between the coating and the substrate and enhance its corrosion resistance.
喷涂运用的压缩空气中油水别离不充沛不完全，使压缩空气中含过量的水和油，必定影响喷漆涂装膜层的质量，发生各种毛病缺点。因而坚持定期清理替换油水别离设备中的滤物，坚持压缩空气净洁，对改进涂装喷漆层的功能是有利的。
The application of compressed air in the oil and water is not enough, so that the compressed air containing excess water and oil, will inevitably affect the quality of spray coating film, a variety of defects. Therefore adhere to the regular cleaning of filter material replacement equipment in the oil-water separation, adhere to clean compressed air, is beneficial to the improvement of coating spray layer function.
喷漆涂装现场的温度、湿度对喷漆涂装膜层质量的影响非常显着。应留意坚持喷漆施工现场的温度在10～30℃规模，相对湿度以不超越80为限，施工现场有必要坚持清洗卫生、整齐有序。
The effect of temperature and humidity on the quality of spray coating is very significant. Should pay attention to adhere to the construction site temperature of 10 to 30 degrees, relative humidity to not exceed the limit of 80, the construction site is necessary to adhere to clean, orderly.
温度过高，相对湿度大，涂装喷漆层易发白，出现桔皮状等，而温度过低，则漆层易流动，对涂装金属外表涂层质量有晦气的影响。
The temperature is too high, the relative humidity is big, the coating spray paint layer is easy to be white, the orange peel shape and so on, but the temperature is too low, then the paint layer flows easily, has the adverse effect to the coating metal surface coating quality.
金属外表喷漆涂装操作一般选用空气喷涂。留意坚持喷枪与被喷外表的间隔在200～300mm规模，压缩空气压力控制在2～4kg/c㎡，这么才可以较为有用地保证喷漆涂装质量。
Metal surface spray coating operation generally use air spray. Keep the spray gun and appearance of the interval in the 200 ~ 300mm scale, compressed air pressure control in 2 ~ 4kg/c square meters, so it can more effectively guarantee the quality of painting.
涂料功能的影响
Effect of coating function
涂料的功能对涂装金属防腐抗蚀功能有很大联系，优异涂料乃至在恶劣条件都可以有用维护金属。涂料的品种不一样则功能各异。影响涂装维护层功能的要素主要由构成涂膜的合成树脂、填料等及结晶度、溶解度等决议。
The function of the coating has a great relationship with the corrosion and corrosion resistance of the coating metal. Different varieties of paint are different functions. The factors that affect the function of coating maintenance layer are mainly composed of synthetic resin, filler and so on.
依据涂料功能，适用环境等诸条件有的放失的挑选涂料的品种，才可以更有用地表现喷漆装膜层的抗蚀维护作用。
According to the coating function, the application of the environment and other conditions, some of the loss of the selection of paint varieties, can be more useful to reflect the performance of the paint film coating corrosion protection.
漆基、溶剂和助剂的挑选要恰当，混合份额有必要严厉依照技术请求，要保证搅拌充沛均匀，保证稀释至规则的作业粘度。
The selection of paint base, solvent and additives should be appropriate, it is necessary to mix the share of technical requirements in strict accordance with the requirements, to ensure that the mixing evenly, to ensure that the dilution to the rules of operating viscosity.
近年来研发、开发的防锈带锈涂料的广泛运用，使喷漆涂装金属适用规模和抗蚀维护性得以进一步改进，很有必要大力推广完善。
In recent years, the development and development of rust rust with the wide application of paint, so that the spray coating metal size and corrosion resistance to further improve, it is necessary to vigorously promote the improvement.
结语
epilogue
言而总之，加强金属喷漆涂装的前处理和外表处理技术的标准，加强涂装技术的控制与办理，保证喷漆涂装维护层与基体金属杰出的联系力，战胜和防止涂装维护层发生针孔，鼓泡、起皱、龟裂、掉落等毛病缺点，使喷漆涂装维护层变成按捺腐蚀介质侵入的优秀屏障，无疑是进步喷漆涂装金属防腐抗蚀功能的有用办法。
In a word, to strengthen the metal painting pretreatment and surface processing technology standards, strengthen the control of coating technology and management, to ensure the maintenance of paint coating layer and the substrate metal contact force outstanding, overcome and prevent maintenance of coating layer pinhole, bubbling, wrinkling, cracking and falling and faults, make excellent barrier paint maintenance of coating layer becomes restrain corrosive media intrusion, is undoubtedly a useful way of improving paint coating metal anticorrosion function.

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